Bokosi lolumikizana lanzeru lokhala ndi ma voltage ndi kulumikizana kwaposachedwa mu ma EV

Bokosi lolumikizana lanzeru lokhala ndi ma voltage ndi kulumikizana kwaposachedwa mu ma EV

Pamene magalimoto amagetsi (EVs) akukhala otchuka kwambiri, vuto la opanga magalimoto ndilo kuchotsa "nkhawa" za oyendetsa pamene akupangitsa galimotoyo kukhala yotsika mtengo.Izi zimatanthawuza kupanga mabatire kuti achepetse mtengo wokhala ndi mphamvu zambiri.Ola lililonse la watt lomwe limasungidwa ndikuchotsedwa m'maselo ndilofunikira kuti muwonjezere kuchuluka kwa magalimoto.

Kukhala ndi miyeso yolondola ya voteji, kutentha ndi panopa n'kofunika kwambiri kuti tipeze kuyerekezera kwapamwamba kwambiri kwa ndalama kapena thanzi la selo iliyonse mu dongosolo.

Ntchito yayikulu ya kasamalidwe ka batire (BMS) ndikuwunika ma voltages a cell, ma voltage pack ndi pack current.Chithunzi 1a chikuwonetsa paketi ya batri mubokosi lobiriwira lomwe lili ndi ma cell angapo opakidwa.Gulu loyang'anira ma cell limaphatikizapo zowunikira ma cell zomwe zimayang'ana magetsi ndi kutentha kwa ma cell.
Ubwino wa BJB wanzeru:

Amachotsa mawaya ndi ma waya.
Imawongolera miyeso yamagetsi ndi yapano ndi phokoso lochepa.
Imathandizira kupanga ma hardware ndi mapulogalamu.Chifukwa Texas Instruments (TI) pack monitor ndi zowunikira ma cell zimachokera ku gulu lomwelo la zida, mamangidwe awo ndi mamapu olembetsa onse ndi ofanana.
Imathandiza opanga makina kuti agwirizanitse mphamvu ya paketi ndi miyeso yaposachedwa.Kuchedwetsa kung'ono kwa kulunzanitsa kumawonjezera kuyerekeza kwa mtengo wake.
Voltage, kutentha ndi kuyeza kwamakono
Mphamvu yamagetsi: Magetsi amayezedwa pogwiritsa ntchito zingwe zogawanika-pansi.Miyezo iyi imayang'ana ngati ma switch amagetsi ndi otseguka kapena otsekedwa.
Kutentha: Miyezo ya kutentha imayang'anira kutentha kwa shunt resistor kuti MCU igwiritse ntchito chipukuta misozi, komanso kutentha kwa ma contactors kuti atsimikizire kuti sakupanikizika.
Panopa: Miyezo yapano ikutengera:
Shunt resistor.Chifukwa mafunde mu EV amatha kukwera mpaka masauzande a ma amperes, ma shunt resistors awa ndi ang'onoang'ono kwambiri - apakati pa 25 µOhms mpaka 50 µOhms.
Sensa ya hall-effect.Kusiyanasiyana kwake kumakhala kocheperako, motero, nthawi zina pamakhala masensa angapo mudongosolo kuti athe kuyeza mtundu wonsewo.Masensa a Hall-effect ndi omwe mwachibadwa amatha kusokoneza ma electromagnetic.Mutha kuyika masensa awa paliponse pamakina, komabe, ndipo mwachibadwa amapereka muyeso wapaokha.
Voltage ndi kalunzanitsidwe panopa

Kulunzanitsa kwamagetsi ndi kwakanthawi ndikuchedwa kwanthawi komwe kulipo kuti muyese mphamvu yamagetsi ndi yapano pakati pa chowunikira paketi ndi chowunikira ma cell.Miyezo iyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka powerengera momwe zinthu zilili komanso thanzi lawo pogwiritsa ntchito ma electro-impedance spectroscopy.Kuwerengera kutsekeka kwa selo poyesa voteji, zamakono ndi mphamvu kudutsa selo kumathandiza BMS kuyang'anitsitsa mphamvu ya galimotoyo nthawi yomweyo.

Magetsi a cell, pack voltage ndi pack current amayenera kulumikizidwa nthawi kuti apereke mphamvu yolondola kwambiri komanso kuyerekezera kwamphamvu.Kutenga zitsanzo mkati mwa nthawi inayake kumatchedwa synchronization interval.Kuchepa kwa kagawo kakalunzanitsidwe, m'pamenenso kuyerekeza kwamphamvu kolondola kwambiri kapena kuyerekezera kwamphamvu.Kulakwitsa kwa data yosasinthika ndikofanana.Kuyerekeza kolondola kwambiri kwa kuchuluka kwa mtengo, m'pamenenso madalaivala amamtunda amachulukirachulukira.

Zofunikira zamalunzanitsidwe

Ma BMS am'badwo wotsatira adzafunika voteji yolumikizidwa ndi miyeso yaposachedwa yosakwana 1 ms, koma pali zovuta kukwaniritsa izi:

Onse oyang'anira ma cell ndi oyang'anira paketi ali ndi mawotchi osiyanasiyana;Choncho, zitsanzo anapeza si mwachibadwa synchronized.
Selo iliyonse yowunikira imatha kuyeza kuyambira ma cell asanu ndi limodzi mpaka 18;deta iliyonse selo ndi 16 bits yaitali.Pali zambiri zomwe zimafunikira kutumizidwa pa mawonekedwe a daisy-chain, omwe amatha kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yovomerezeka yamagetsi ndi kuyanjanitsa kwapano.
Zosefera zilizonse monga sefa yamagetsi kapena fyuluta yamakono imakhudza njira ya siginecha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma voliyumu achedwetsedwe komanso kuchedwetsa.
TI's BQ79616-Q1, BQ79614-Q1 ndi BQ79612-Q1 oyang'anira mabatire amatha kukhala ndi ubale wanthawi popereka lamulo loyambira la ADC kwa chowunikira cha cell ndi chowunikira paketi.Oyang'anira mabatire a TI awa amathandiziranso kuchedwa kwa ADC kutengera kuchedwa kwa kufalitsa potumiza lamulo loyambira la ADC pansi pa mawonekedwe a daisy-chain.

Mapeto

Ntchito yayikulu yopangira magetsi yomwe ikuchitika mumakampani amagalimoto ikuyendetsa kufunikira kochepetsa zovuta za BMS powonjezera zamagetsi mubokosi lolumikizirana, ndikupititsa patsogolo chitetezo chadongosolo.Chounikira paketi chimatha kuyeza ma voltages am'deralo asanachitike komanso pambuyo pa ma relay, apano kudzera pa paketi ya batri.Kuwongoka kwamphamvu kwamagetsi ndi miyeso yapano kupangitsa kuti batire igwiritse ntchito moyenera.

Mphamvu yamagetsi yogwira ntchito komanso kulumikizana kwapano kumathandizira kuwerengetsa kwanthawi yayitali kwaumoyo, kuwongolera komanso kuwongolera zamagetsi zomwe zingapangitse kuti batire igwiritsidwe ntchito moyenera kuti italikitse moyo wake, komanso kukulitsa magawo oyendetsa.